Challenges Restoration of Congress System

Challenges Restoration of Congress System

Challenges Restoration of Congress System is the Chapter of Political science of Class 12 CBSE covering the complete syllabus of the Chapter Challenges Restoration of Congress System with last years Important question very much useful to Board Exam appearing students and Competitive studies.

Challenges Restoration of Congress System.

The first PM of India Jawaharlal Nehru passed away in May 1964 the question arose who after Nehru and the new leader would be able to handle the multiple crises as Challenges Restoration of Congress System such as Poverty, communal harmony or regional division efficiently or not whether democracy could be survive in India The decade of 1960 were called the dangerous decade because of Challenges Restoration of Congress System

Challenges Restoration of Congress System from Nehru to Shastri:

When Nehru passed away , the President of the Congress Party K Kamraj chose Lal Bahadur Shastri as the successor of Nehru to face Challenges Restoration of Congress System from 1964 – 1966 during his period India faced the war with Pakistan in1965, and Shastri ji gave a slogan of ” Jai Jawan and Jai Kisan” which symbolized to resolve the challenges. The sudden death of Shastri on 10th January 1966 at Tashkent in USSR where he went to sign the agreement with Ayub Khan the President of Pakistan

Challenges Restoration of Congress System Shastri To Indira Gandhi:

After the death of Shastri ji again the Challenges Restoration of Congress System arose about the good leadership in Congress now there was neck to neck competition between Morarji Desai and Indira Gandhi most of the senior leaders supported Indira Gandhi but some were not in favor so secret ballot was done to resolve the problem in which Indira won. Finally Indira Gandhi became the PM .she ruled over India from 1966-1977 1nd 1980-1984

Challenges Restoration of Congress System and Fourth General Election (1967) :

The year 1967 is the greatest turning point in India’s electoral and Indian Political history Challenges Restoration of Congress System because of major changes had taken place in India as two successive PM died and Indira Gandhi was not mature in political field who was holding the office of PM at that time,

The period of 1967 was Challenges Restoration of Congress System, it was the time of great economic crises because of monsoon failure which decline the agricultural productivity and there was shortage of food, foreign reserve was also declining , drop of industrial production with export was also being faced by the country more over military expenditure was sharply increasing. Devaluation of rupee was undertaken by the Government. Economic condition caused the price rise in the country. On the other side Government was facing protest, strike, dharna as law and order problem. Public bitterness and dissatisfaction was increasing. The Communist and Socialist parties launched the struggles for equality, agrarian struggles with peasants agitations.

The opposition parties were in forefront of organising public protest and making pressure on the Government . They had thinking the division of their votes kept the congress in power. In some of the states after having different ideologies they came together to contest election against Congress which was Challenges Restoration of Congress System aand also entered the seat sharing they were thinking the internal faction in Congress would collapse the Congress itself. Ram Manohar Lohia the renowned socialist leader called the strategy of ‘non- Congressism’

The Election took place after the electoral verdict the congress managed to get majority with lowest tally of seats share of1952 but most of the cabinet minister of Congress in Gandhi Government were defeated and political analyst called it the ‘Political Earthquake’ as Challenges Restoration of Congress System

In the election of 1967 the phenomenon of Coalition came into being in which most of the non congress came together to form joint legislative party to support non Congress Government SVD ( Samyukta Viddhayk Dal ) Governments they were opposite in ideologies. With the help of defection the elected representatives leaves the party and join the another party the best example MLA of Haryana GAYA LAL in 1967 changed his party 3 times in 15 days from Congress to United Front back to Congress and than to united Front than constitution was amended to prevent Defection

Challenges Restoration of Congress System as The Congress Split :

After the 1967 election Indira Gandhi faced Challenges Restoration of Congress System by remaining in power with low majority and lost power in many of the states now people started thinking that Congress could be defeated in the election. In the states Coalition could not stay for long , lost the majority so President Rule was imposed over them.

Indira Gandhi had to face the Challenges Restoration of Congress System within the party as some powerful leader of Congress known as Syndicate who supported Indira to become the PM were in view that she was immature so they would drive the Congress Party as they wanted but that could not be done. As she came in power she sidelined the Syndicate of Congress and chose trust group of advisers due which she got independent from the hands of Syndicate and started regaining the ground that Congress had lost in 1967 election. After overcoming the Challenges Restoration of Congress System Indira Gandhi launched a series of Plan ” Ten Point Programme” in 1967 as Social Control of Banks,14 Nationalization Of Banks, Public Distribution of Food Grains, Land Reforms, Ceiling on the Urban Poverty and Income ,Provision of house site to poor in rural etc. Abolition of Privacy Purse.

Challenges Restoration of Congress System The Presidental Election 1969 :

The split in the congress party was evident of Challenges Restoration of Congress System during the 1969 the Presidential Elections .After the death of Zakir Hussain as there was a tussle between Syndicate and Indira group , Syndicate nominated speaker of Lok Sabha N Sanjeev Reddy and Indira supported Vice President VV Giri as independent candidate . VV Giri won the presidential election

After the election the congress President expelled the PM from the party . Indira Gandhi had to face Challenges Restoration of Congress System she claimed that her group was the real congress by November 1969 the group of Syndicate called Congress ( Organization) the group of Indira Congress ( Requisitions) Now Congress split in Old Congress and New Congress

The Election of 1971 as Challenges Restoration of Congress System :

After the split in Congress Indira government came in minority but her government in the office with the support of Communist Party of Idia and DMK , during this period Indira Gandhi started popularize her socialistic image and implemented the land reforms laws and ceiling legislation , the parliament was dissolved and 5th general election was held in February 1971

The Election was contest among against Congress (R) , Congress(O), non Congress and non Communist parties formed Grand Alliance, SSP, PSP, Bhartiya Jan Sangh, Swatantra Party tried to create lots of obstacles in the way of Indira Gandhi. Despite of many obstacles her opposition had only on agenda Indira Hatao but New Congress used the Slogan of Garibi Hato which worked very efficiently

The Outcome was very surprising that Congress (R) and CPI won the majority by winning 375 seats in Lok Sabha and secured 48.4% of Vote share and Indira Congress itself won 352 seats , Congress (o) only 16 seats , Grand Alliance won 40 seats in this way Indira Gandhi proved that her group of Congress was real Congress .

The War between India and Pakistan broke out in December 1971 and establishment of Bangladesh enhanced the popularity of Indira Gandhi . Even opposition admired her political diligence and 1972 all states assembly election Congress was established . The Two successive victories in Centre and State the dominance of Congress was restored

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